Array Literals

Array elements are enclosed in square brackets ([]). Array literals may contain zero or more elements. The values are specified in the array list and its length is set based on the number of arguments specified.

create an Array

var cars = ['BMW','AUDI','BENZ'];
cars[0] // 'BMW' the First element
cars[1] // 'AUDI' the second element
cars[2] //'BENZ' the third element

To find the length of an Array

console.log(cars.length) // 3

Access an Array item

console.log(cars[1]); //AUDI

console.log(cars[cars.length-1]); //BENZ

Looping an Array (forEach)

cars.forEach(function( item ,index ,array ) {

    console.log(item , index )
});

Displays all the values from the array with its specific index.

// BMW , 0
// AUDI , 1
// BENZ, 2

To Add the value at the end of the Array

var addingValues = cars.push('SWIFT');

To remove value from the end of the Array

var popLastValue = cars.pop(); // removes SWIFT from the end of the array
// [ BMW, AUDI, BENZ ]

To remove value from the front of the Array

var removeFirstValue = cars.shift(); // remove BMW from the first
// [ AUDI, BENZ ]

To add value from the front of the Array

var addValueAtFirst = cars.unshift('INNOVA');
// [ INNOVA,AUDI,BENZ ]

Find the index of an Array

var findIndex = cars.indexOf('AUDI');
// 1

To remove an item from an index position 

var removeItem = cars.splice(findIndex, 1); // To remove the item we have to know its index position and then splice it.

// [ INNOVA,BENZ ]

To remove more than one item from an index position

var chocolates = [ 'mango','kitkat','dairymilk','barone' ];
console.log(chocolates);
// [ "mango","kitkat","dairymilk","barone" ]

var pos = 1, n = 2;

var removedItems = chocolates.splice(pos,n);

Here, the n defined the number of items to be removed from the array and pos defines the start position from an array.

console.log(chocolates) // [ mango , barone ] the values which are left in the array

console.log(removedItems) // [ kitkat, dairymilk ] the values which are been removed from the array.

copy an Array

var copyArray = chocolates.slice(); // we use method slice to copy an array.
// [ mango , barone ]